What is the working principle of hot melt adhesive dispensing equipment?

 The working principle of hot melt glue dispenser mainly includes four core steps: heating and melting, pressure delivery, precise coating and cooling and curing. The following is a detailed description:

 

1. Heating and melting

● Solid glue conversion: Add solid hot melt glue (glue strips, glue particles or glue blocks) to a heating device (such as a glue tank or a melt tank), and heat it to a molten state through an electric heating element (such as a PID temperature control system) (usually the temperature range is 120℃~180℃, depending on the glue type).

● Temperature control: Equipped with a high-precision temperature control system to ensure stable fluidity of the glue liquid and avoid carbonization or deterioration. Some equipment supports segmented heating or oil bath insulation treatment (such as EVA glue needs to avoid open flame heating).

 

2. Pressure delivery

● Pressurized extrusion: The molten glue is pressurized by a gear pump, piston pump or air pressure system and extruded from a nozzle or dispensing valve. The pressure can be adjusted according to the viscosity of the glue liquid and the coating requirements.

● Delivery stability: The two-stage filtration design reduces nozzle clogging, and the progressive preheating of the melting cylinder increases the melting speed to ensure uniform glue output.

 

3. Precision coating

● Motion control: Through the three-axis/four-axis robot, visual positioning system or CAD import program, three-dimensional path glue coating (such as points, lines, arcs, complex trajectories, etc.) can be achieved with an accuracy of up to micron level.

● Flow regulation: The glue output can be precisely controlled (such as an accuracy of 0.001 seconds), supporting diversified coating needs such as drawing points, lines, surfaces, arcs, circles and irregular curves.

 

 

4. Cooling and curing

● Rapid curing: The glue quickly cools and solidifies after contacting the air or the surface of the adherend to complete the bonding. The open time (the time from the extrusion of the glue to the curing) needs to match the dispensing speed, usually a few seconds to tens of seconds.

● Bonding strength: The cured hot melt adhesive forms a high-strength bond, which is suitable for a variety of materials such as wood, plastic, metal, and non-woven fabrics.

 

Core components and functions

● Heating system: electric heating element + temperature control system to ensure that the glue is melted evenly.

● Spraying/dispensing system: gear pump, nozzle, valve, etc., to control the glue output method (dispensing, spraying, rolling, etc.).

● Control system: PLC or industrial computer programming, support automatic path planning, acceleration and deceleration control (such as trapezoidal and S-curve acceleration to avoid glue accumulation).

● Safety design: anti-curing needle blocking function, automatic preheating system, filter cleaning prompt, etc.

6-30L floor-standing hot melt adhesive system

 

The first choice for large-scale production scenarios, using gear pump glue supply technology, the dissolution speed is as high as 12L/h - 20L/h. The Teflon coating on the inner wall of the cylinder delays the aging of the glue, and the independent temperature control and real-time status monitoring of the partitions ensure 24-hour uninterrupted and stable operation. It is suitable for high-load conditions such as home appliance manufacturing and large panel bonding.

 


 

5. 30cc Hot Melt Adhesive Module

Designed for small - scale hot melt adhesive applications, it's compatible with mainstream 30cc adhesive packages like Loctite, Henkel, and 3M. Its full insulation design prevents operational burns. With an independent temperature control module, it works without platform limitations. Paired with Second Intelligent's 100T/200S controller, it achieves millisecond - level response and precise pressure control, and is widely used in electronic component packaging and precision assembly bonding.



hot melt adhesive dispensing machine

6. 300ml Hot Melt Adhesive Module

Meeting medium-scale usage demands, it adopts an integrated design connecting the adhesive valve directly to the cartridge, eliminating tubing constraints. Dual temperature zones enable precise ±1℃ temperature control, and the needle-type valve ensures zero leakage and high-precision dispensing of PUR hot melt adhesives in automotive interiors and furniture assembly.

https://secondintelligent.com/industry-news/working-principle-of-hot-melt-adhesive-dispensing-equipment/

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